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Citation Guides

American Medical Association (AMA)

One format of citation that you may be asked to provide in assignments are that of the American Medical Association (AMA) style. This citation format is primarily used in the health sciences and medical disciplines. The most current edition of AMA style is the 11th edition, which was published in 2019.

 

Formatting Citations

AMA citations are organized numerically. After citing a source in the text of your paper, a superscript number is added at the end of the sentence following the period. The superscript number corresponds with the number in the bibliographic citation, which are organized in the order that they are referred to in text.

Bibliographic Citations

Bibliography citations are formatted as a numerical list, and are organized by the order that sources are referenced in the text of a work. Learn more about how to format AMA citations by source type below.

Book Citations in AMA

  • When citing a book chapter (print or electronic), be sure to include page numbers

  • If there are less than 6 authors or editors, list them all

  • If there are more than 6 authors or editors, list the first three followed by 'et al'

Citation Type

Citation Template

Citation Example

Edited Book

#. Author AA, Author BB, Author CC. Title of Book. XXth ed. Publisher Name; Publication date.

1. Martin A, Scahill L, Kratochvil C. Pediatric Psychopharmacology. 2nd ed. Oxford University Press; 2011.

Chapter in an Edited Book

#. Author AA, Author BB, Author CC. Title of chapter. In: Editor DD, Editor EE, Editor FF, et al, eds. Title of Book. XXth ed. Publisher Name; Publication date; page numbers.

2. Passmore HA, Holder MD. Gaming For Good: Video Games and Enhancing Prosocial Behavior. In: Graham J, ed. Video Games: Parents' Perceptions, Role of Social Media, and Effects on Behavior. Nova Science Publishers; 2014; 141-167.

Journal Citations in AMA

  • If there are less than 6 authors or editors, list them all

  • If there are more than 6 authors or editors, list the first three followed by 'et al'

  • If a digital article doesn't have a DOI, include the date that the article was accessed online and the URL from the journal publisher's website

  • If an article was accessed in print, do not include a DOI or URL - the citation would end after the page numbers

Citation Type

Citation Template

Citation Example

Journal Article (6 or less authors) with DOI

#. Author AA, Author BB, Author CC, Author DD, Author EE, Author FF. Title of Article. Journal Abbrev. Publication Year; volume number(issue number):page xx-xx. doi: 10.1234567890

1. Yang FJ, Ma L, Yang J, Zhu ZL, Wang CH. Intranasal Vasopressin Relieves Orthopedic Pain After Surgery. Pain Manag Nurs. 2019;20(2):126-132. doi: 10.1016/j.pmn.2018.06.001

Journal Article (over 6 authors) with DOI

#. Author AA, Author BB, Author CC et al. Title of Article. Journal Abbrev. Publication Year; volume number(issue number):page xx-xx. doi: 10.1234567890

2. Cardoso D, Couto F, Cardoso AF et al. The Effectiveness of an Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) Educational Program on Undergraduate Nursing Students' EBP Knowledge and Skills: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(1):293. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18010293

Journal Article without DOI

#. Author AA, Author BB, Author CC, et al. Title of Article. Journal Abbrev. Publication Year; volume number(issue number):page xx-xx. Accessed Month Day, Year. http://www.publisherurl.com

3. D'Souza S, Mayock S, Salt A. A review of in vivo and in vitro aspects of alcohol-induced dose dumping. AAPS Open. 2017;3(5). Accessed October 10, 2024. https://aapsopen.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s41120-017-0014-9

Website Citations in AMA

  • If no specific author is listed, name the organization responsible for the site as the author

  • Include the website's published date if it's available, or the date it was most recently updated

  • Include the date the website was accessed

Citation Type

Citation Template

Citation Example

Website with Author

#. Author AA. Title of the specific website being cited. Name of the website's domain. Published Date. Accessed Month Day, Year. https://www.url.org

1. Angel T. Everything You Need to Know About ADHD. Healthline. Updated November 1, 2023. Accessed October 10, 2024. https://www.healthline.com/health/adhd

Website without Author

#. Title of the specific website being cited. Name of the organization responsible for the website. Published Date. Accessed Month Day, Year. https://www.url.org

2. Learning Disabilities. National Library of Medicine. Updated March 20, 2023. Accessed October 10, 2024. https://medlineplus.gov/learningdisabilities.html

Access the AMA Style Manual!

The Franco Library keeps the AMA Manual of Style 11th edition at the library circulation desk. Students are welcome to use the manual during staffed library hours upon request. The manual is for in-library use only.