In 1918, the House of Representatives passed the suffrage amendment 257 to 136, but it was defeated in the Senate. In May 1919, the House again passed the measure, this time 304 to 89. In June the Senate passed it on a 56 to 25 vote. In 1920, the United States joined New Zealand (1893), Australia (1902), Russia (1917), and Canada, Germany, and England (1919) in granting women the right to vote. Three-quarters of the states had voted to ratify the Nineteenth Amendment by August 18, 1920. Immediately, 26 million women were finally given a say in the government of their country. The ratification of this amendment fulfilled nearly a century and a half of struggle to achieve full political rights for women.
"Nineteenth Amendment." American Decades Primary Sources, edited by Cynthia Rose, vol. 3: 1920-1929, Gale, 2004, pp. 262-264.
The United States Congress proposed the Nineteenth Amendment on June 4, 1919. Below are the stats that have ratified that amendment and the dates on which it was ratified in each:
State |
Date |
State |
Date |
|
Wisconsin |
June 10, 1919 |
Maine |
November 5, 1919 |
|
Illinois |
June 10, 1919 (reaffirmed June 17, 1919) |
North Dakota |
December 1, 1919 |
|
Michigan |
June 10, 1919 |
South Dakota |
December 5, 1919 |
|
Kansas |
June 16, 1919 |
Colorado |
December 15, 1919 |
|
New York |
June 16, 1919 |
Kentucky |
January 6, 1920 |
|
Ohio |
June 16, 1919 |
Rhode Island |
January 6, 1920 |
|
Pennsylvania |
June 24, 1919 |
Oregon |
January 13, 1920 |
|
Massachusetts |
June 25, 1919 |
Indiana |
January 16, 1920 |
|
Texas |
June 28, 1919 |
Wyoming |
January 27, 1920 |
|
Iowa |
July 2, 1919 |
Nevada |
February 7, 1920 |
|
Missouri |
July 3, 1919 |
New Jersey |
February 9, 1920 |
|
Arkansas |
July 28, 1919 |
Idaho |
February 11, 1920 |
|
Montana |
August 2, 1919 |
Arizona |
February 12, 1920 |
|
Nebraska |
August 2, 1919 |
New Mexico |
February 21, 1920 |
|
Minnesota |
September 8, 1919 |
Oklahoma |
February 28, 1920 |
|
New Hampshire |
September 10, 1919 |
West Virginia |
March 10, 1920; confirmed September 21, 1920 |
|
Utah |
October 2, 1919 |
Washington |
March 22, 1920 |
|
California |
November 1, 1919 |
Tennessee |
August 18, 1920 |
Ratification was completed on August 18, 1920, and the following states subsequently ratified the amendment.
| Connecticut | September 14, 1920; reaffirmed September 21, 1920 |
| Vermont | February 8, 1921 |
| Delaware | March 6, 1923; after being rejected June 2, 1920 |
| Maryland | March 29, 1941; after being rejected February 24, 1920; not certified until February 25, 1958 |
| Virginia | February 25, 1952; after being rejected February 12, 1920 |
| Alabama | September 8, 1952; after being rejected September 22, 1919 |
| Florida | May 13, 1969 |
| South Carolina | July 1, 1969; after being rejected January 20, 1920; not certified until August 22, 1973 |
| Georgia | February 20, 1970; after being rejected July 24, 1919 |
| Louisiana | June 11, 1970; after being rejected July 1, 1920 |
| North Carolina | May 6, 1971 |
| Mississippi | March 22, 1984; after being rejected march 29, 1920 |
