Skip to Main Content

Healthcare Science: Evaluating Sources

How to Read a Paper

Anatomy of a Scholarly Article
A North Carolina State University Libraries guide to understanding the different parts of a scholarly article.

Greenhalgh, T. (1997). How to read a paper: Getting your bearings (deciding what the paper is about). BMJ: British Medical Journal (International Edition), 315(7102), 243-246.

Greenhalgh, T. (1997). Education and debate. How to read a paper: Assessing the methodological quality of published papers... third in a series of 10 articles. BMJ: British Medical Journal (International Edition), 315(7103), 305-308.

Greenhalgh, T. (1997). Education and debate. How to read a paper: Statistics for the non-statistician. I: Different types of data need different statistical tests... fourth in a series of 10 articles. BMJ: British Medical Journal (International Edition), 315(7104), 364-366.

Greenhalgh, T. (1997). Education and debate. How to read a paper: Statistics for the non-statistician. II: "Significant" relations and their pitfalls... fifth in a series of 10 articles. BMJ: British Medical Journal (International Edition), 315(7105), 422-425.

Greenhalgh, T. (1997). Education and debate. How to read a paper: Papers that report drug trials... sixth in a series of 10 articles. BMJ: British Medical Journal (International Edition), 315(7106), 480-483.

Greenhalgh, T. (1997). Education and debate. How to read a paper: Papers that report diagnostic or screening tests... seventh in a series of 10 articles. BMJ: British Medical Journal (International Edition), 315(7107), 540-543.

Greenhalgh, T. (1997). Education and debate. How to read a paper: Papers that summarise other papers (systematic reviews and meta-analyses)... ninth in a series of 10 articles. BMJ: British Medical Journal (International Edition), 315(7109), 672-675.

Greenhalgh, T., & Taylor, R. (1997). Education and debate. How to read a paper: Papers that go beyond numbers (qualitative research)... last in a series of 10 articles. BMJ: British Medical Journal (International Edition), 315(7110), 740-743.

Resources for Evaluating Sources

How to Evaluate Journal Articles
Criteria for evaluating journal articles from the Colorado State University Libraries

How to Evaluate Web Pages
Criteria for evaluating web pages from the Colorado State University Libraries.

Evaluating Internet Health Information
A tutorial from the National Library of Medicine

Hierarchy of Evidence
An illustration of the type of research evidence from Duke University Center Library

Critical Appraisal Skills Programme
Tools to "critically appraise articles"